Boil-off gas formation inside large scale liquefied natural gas (LNG) tank based on specific parameters

Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) fleets are coasting with various condition and behavior. These variable leads to different type of LNG fleets build every year with unavoidable generated Boil-off Gas (BOG). Estimation of BOG generated inside LNG tank play significant role in determines the ship specification and management method of BOG including venting, propulsion or requalification. Hence, in the present study, the right choices of boundary condition and parameter have been implementing in order to have good estimation amount of BOG evaporates for specific LNG tank. Three dimensional model of cargo with capacity 160000 m3 LNG carrier are simulate using ANSYS Fluent with specific ambient air temperature of 5oC and ambient seawater temperature of 0oC have been chosen as a calculation case, gain the total heat transfer rate and Boiloff Rate (BOR). The result shows that the calculation model and simulation are feasible with typical LNG fleet specification and International Marine Organization (IMO) standard

Determination of friction coefficient in the lubricated ring upsetting with palm kernel oil for cold forging of aluminum alloys

The growing of worldwide trend for promoting the use of the renewable material such as vegetable oil is due to the increasing concern about environmental damage that caused by the use of mineral oil which is not biodegradable. This article is present as a case study in highlighting the use of Palm Kernel Oil (PKO) as a bio lubricant in cold forging process. Ring Compression Test (RCT) plays a fundamental role in our understanding of materials science and engineering due to the deformation, friction and wear behaviour. Annealed Aluminium (AA6061) were used in this test to observe the formation of the ring with different sample test (NO-Oil, PKO and CMFOoil) at 10%, 20% 30% and 40% formation by comparing with finites element method (DEFORM-3D) to predict formation of the sample lubricants. The ring compression test conducted by this study indicates that the Tresca friction factor (m) is higher for Palm Kernel oil (0.35) compare to commercial metal forming oil (CMFO) (0.25), where higher load is needed under palm kernel oil test. Palm Kernel oil however has a better in surface protecting to the material where it shows that the roughness of the workpiece is lower compare to the CMFO, besides that the Wear scar observation also shows CMFO has a lot of wear on workpiece surface

Better retention of Malaysian opiate dependents treated with high dose methadone in methadone maintenance therapy

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Methadone is a synthetic opiate mu receptor agonist that is widely used to substitute for illicit opiates in the management of opiate dependence. It helps prevent opiate users from injecting and sharing needles which are vehicles for the spread of HIV and other blood borne viruses. This study has the objective of determining the utility of daily methadone dose to predict retention rates and re-injecting behaviour among opiate dependents.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Subjects comprised opiate dependent individuals who met study criteria. They took methadone based on the Malaysian guidelines and were monitored according to the study protocols. At six months, data was collected for analyses. The sensitivity and specificity daily methadone doses to predict retention rates and re-injecting behaviour were evaluated.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Sixty-four patients volunteered to participate but only 35 (54.69%) remained active and 29 (45.31%) were inactive at 6 months of treatment. Higher doses were significantly correlated with retention rate (p < 0.0001) and re-injecting behaviour (p < 0.001). Of those retained, 80.0% were on 80 mg or more methadone per day doses with 20.0% on receiving 40 mg -79 mg.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>We concluded that a daily dose of at least 40 mg was required to retain patients in treatment and to prevent re-injecting behaviour. A dose of at least 80 mg per day was associated with best results.</p

Study on water hammer effect in turbulent flow through the pipe system

The purpose of this research is to study water hammer effect in turbulent flow through the pipe system. The water hammer occurs when the water flow in the pipeline is suddenly stopped by the valve. Water hammer can cause the pipe to break if the pressure is high enough. An experimental method has been conducted to investigate the effect of design parameters such as difference kind of material properties of pipes and the effect of the flow rate of fluid on the frequency (Hz) and the maximum acceleration of vibration signal (m/s2) during water hammer effect, the vibration signal is captured by using the DEWE-41-T-DSA signal analysis and piezoelectric accelerometer sensor. Data signal is transferred to DEWESoft software to be analyzed using the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) method. We found that the maximum acceleration vibration signal will increase the flow rate of fluid increase. Besides, the maximum acceleration vibration signal of UPVC pipe is higher than HDPE pipe. Meanwhile, for the frequency, the experimental result shows that the larger frequency is the UPVC pipe compare with the HDPE pipe. This is due to the compressibility of fluid and elasticity of the pipe. Therefore, it can be concluded that the UPVC pipe deal with more water hammer effect compares to the HDPE pipe due to the mechanical properties difference of UPVC and HDPE pipe

Fire resistance rating for gypsum and kapok fiber composite materials

Fire rated door is one of the passive fire protection systems that can prevent fire and smoke from spreading when a fire occurs. The purpose of this study was to analyze fire rated doors made of Gypsum and Kapok fiber composites. This fire rated door has been manufactured in accordance with Malaysian Standard MS1073: Part 2: 1996. This fire rated door has been modified with various composite compositions and thicknesses. The results showed that the fire rated door made of Gypsum and Kapok fiber can last from 30 to 60 minutes. This study clearly shows that door thickness is very important in the manufacture of fire rated door

Characteristic and Physicochemical Properties of Peat Soil Stabilized with Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH)

Peat in various phases of decomposition has poor shear strength and high compressive deformation. For this research study, it will focus on stabilizing peat soil using NaOH. There are two main tests that were conducted in this research study, which are index property testing and the compaction test. For index property testing, there were six (6) experiments conducted to study the index properties of disturbed peat soil, which are moisture content, fiber content, organic content, liquid limit, pH, and specific gravity. Then, for the compaction test, a 4.5kg rammer was used to determine the best mixture of stabilizer blended with different volumes of 5%, 7%, and 9% stabilizer. The desired outcome of this study is to stimulate further research into the use of the chemical NaOH as a peat soil stabilizer for improved soil usage. 7% and 9% of NaOH only have a slightly different percentage, and it can be concluded that this was the optimum percentage of NaOH as a chemical stabilizer for peat soil. It can be seen clearly that 5% is the higher dry density with a lesser moisture content of the peat. When the percentage of NaOH was increased, the graph pattern also changed. NaOH has been observed as an alteration agent for peat soil dry density. It can be seen clearly that 5% NaOH is the higher dry density of the peat with the lesser moisture content and is suitable as a peat soil stabilizer. The increment of oxygen content recorded changes from 13.3% to 23%, while the sodium (Na) content decreased significantly with the increment of oxygen (O). Sodium content decreased from 8.7% for untreated specimens to 4.5% and 5.5% when peat was treated with NaOH, with 5% of NaOH and 9% of NaOH. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-09-09 Full Text: PD

A comparative study of the legal framework on children protection from online predators in Malaysia and the United States of America (USA) / Ahmad Azlan Azizan … [et al.]

The publicity about online predators that prey on naive children using trickery and violence is improper. Internet sex crimes involving adults and juveniles more often fit a model of statutory rape-adult offenders who meet, develop relationships with, and openly seduce underage teenagers-than a model of forcible sexual assault or pedophilic child molesting. This is a serious problem that requires approaches different from those in current prevention messages emphasizing parental control and the dangers of divulging personal information. Malaysia does have laws such as the Communication and Multimedia Act 1998, the Penal Code and other types of enforcement but not a specific law as with the United States of America (USA). Specific legislation to deal with the children protection against offences committed by the online predators is of utmost necessary due to the in comprehensiveness of the current laws in Malaysia. Apart from legislative measures, there are appropriate prevention strategies that target youths directly and acknowledge normal adolescents with awareness and avoidance skills while educating older youth about the pitfalls of sexual relationships with adults and their criminal nature. Particular attention should be paid to higher risk youths, especially those with history of sexual abuse, sexual orientation concerns, and patterns off and online risk takin

Experimental investigation of the effectiveness of jet impingement cooling system on the pressure side of the turbine blade

The effectiveness of the jet impingement system on the turbine blade pressure side has been experimentally investigated. The effects of height-to-diameter ratio and air velocity on the effectiveness of jet impingement were studied. Experiments was performed under varying height-to-diameter ratios (H/D = 5, 10, 15, 20) where the distance from the nozzle to the pressure side surface ranged from 20, 40, 60 and 80 mm with a constant nozzle diameter of 4 mm. The Nusselt number is calculated to determine the cooling effect of the pressure side model surface. Experiments were also performed at varying air velocity at 6.4 m/s and 12.6 m/s. The findings revealed that there was no direct relationship between Nusselt number and H/D ratio where the optimum cooling impact at a velocity of 6.4 m/s was found to be at H/D=15, whereas at a velocity of 12.6 m/s it was found to be at H/D=5. The findings also reveal that the amount of Nusselts rises as the air velocity increases

Systematic Review of Stress and Coping Strategies during Pandemic COVID-19 Among Students in Higher Learning Institutions

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic that strike Malaysia and the rest of the world has given a huge variety of implications especially in the aspect of mental health. Students are no exception in dealing with it. It requires every student to adapt to the new norms that exist in teaching and learning (T&amp;L) system. Thus, this study aims to examine the coping strategies and stress management that can be applied by students in dealing with stress during the pandemic. To achieve this goal a systematic search was conducted, and a simple thematic analysis approach was used to identify the coping strategies among students at higher learning institutions as discussed by previous researchers on similar topics from three search engines on (1) Scopus, (2) Social Science Citation Index (SSCI), and (3) Science Direct from 2015 to 2021 to determine the latest evidence and observations. A literature review of 10 relevant studies was rigorously analysed to get understanding of coping strategies and stress management amongst students at higher learning institutions. The findings show that there are four critical factors in stress management including (1) time management, (2) internet access issues, (2) academic workload and (4) adaptation to new norms. In addition, there are three types of coping strategies that students can do in coping with stress. Research pertaining to these issues are still lacking. This study is seen to be a new platform and guidelines especially for educational institutions to ensure that every student is equipped with stress management skills that can lead to personal well -being